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Elections in the Palestinian National Authority refers to elections held in Palestinian Autonomous areas from 1994 until its transition into the State of Palestine in 2013. Elections were scheduled to be held in 2009 per the state's own laws,〔()〕 but the Next Palestinian general election was disrupted amidst a conflict between Hamas and Fatah. President Mahmoud Abbas agreed to stay on until the next election,〔(Report: Abbas won't run for another term ) Ynetnews, 16 December 2008〕 but he is recognised only in the West Bank and not in Gaza. The Palestinian National Authority (PNA) has held several elections in the Palestinian territories, including elections for a president, legislature and local councils. Until 2007, the National Council had 133 members, with 66 members elected in 16 multi-seat constituencies, 66 elected proportional to the vote for each party, and the president as ex officio member. In 2007, the voting system was changed by Presidential Decree to abolish the constituency seats, and also prohibiting parties from contesting the election which did not acknowledge the PLO's right to represent the Palestinian people (specifically Hamas).〔http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/6253192.html〕 An opinion poll suggested that a majority of Palestinians supported the change, while Hamas called it illegal.〔http://www.angus-reid.com/polls/view/28271/palestinians_support_electoral_reforms〕 The PNA has a multi-party system, with numerous parties. In this system Fatah was the dominant party. The first Legislative and presidential election were held in 1996; the first local elections in January–May 2005, organized by PNA president Yasser Arafat before his death. Previous (failed) legislative Council elections were held in 1923 under the British Mandate. Previous municipal elections were held in 1972 and 1976 and were organized by the Israeli occupation power.〔Aude Signoles, (Local Government in Palestine ). University of Galatasaray, Turkey; October 2010〕 The January 2005 presidential election, won by Mahmoud Abbas, preceded the Hamas victory during the legislative election in January 2006. == Importance of the elections == Elections in the Palestinian Authority are held to exercise the Palestinian right to self-determination in connection with their right to establish their own state, but are held under military occupation.〔UN General Assembly, (''Resolution 58/292. Status of the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem'' ). 17 mei 2004 (doc.nr. A/RES/58/292).〕 They are held in the framework of the Oslo Accords, meaning that the power of the PNA was (and is) limited to matters such as culture, education, ID-cards, and the distribution of land and water as per the Oslo Interim Agreement.〔From the Oslo II-accord: Article I: 1. Israel shall transfer powers and responsibilities as specified in this Agreement ... Israel shall continue to exercise powers and responsibilities not so transferred. Article IX: 5 a. In accordance with the DOP, the Council will not have powers and responsibilities in the sphere of foreign relations, which sphere includes the establishment abroad of embassies, consulates or other types of foreign missions and posts or permitting their establishment in the West Bank or the Gaza Strip, the appointment of or admission of diplomatic and consular staff, and the exercise of diplomatic functions. 5 b. ... the PLO may conduct negotiations and sign agreements with states or international organizations for the benefit of the Council in the following cases only: 1. economic agreements ...; 2. agreements with donor countries for the purpose of implementing arrangements for the provision of assistance to the Council ; 3. agreements for the purpose of implementing the regional development plans ...; 4. cultural, scientific and educational agreements.〕〔ProCon.org, (''1995 Oslo Interim Agreement'' ). 28 September 1995. (pdf at unhcr )〕 Israel does not allow free exercise of political activities; checkpoints and separation walls hinder many social activities. The parliament cannot properly function because free travel is impossible, especially between Gaza and the West Bank, regardless of hostilities between Fatah and Hamas. Members of the Palestinian Legislative Council and other politicians have been subject to lengthy detentions by Israel or even killed, particularly those of Hamas. In October 2007, 2 ex-ministers and 45 PLC members were in Israeli detention.〔CEIRPP, 4 oktober 2007, (''Report of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People'' ), pag. 11, par. 30 (doc.nr. A/62/35)〕 In July 2012, there were 4,706 Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons. Of these, 22 are PLC members, of which 18 are in administrative detention.〔Addameer, (''Addameer Monthly Detention Report - 1 July 2012'' ).〕〔Addameer, (Palestinian Legislative Council Members ), juni 2012〕〔Middle East Monitor (MEMO), (Palestinian elected representatives are still detained by Israel ), 14 september 2011〕 The November 2013 figures of Addameer give about 5,000 prisoners imprisoned by Israel, of which 14 are members of the Palestinian Legislative Council (10 PLC members in administrative detention).〔(''Addameer Monthly Detention Report - 1 November 2013'' ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elections in the Palestinian National Authority」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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